Glaucoma

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a chronic disease that damages the optic nerve due to increased intraocular pressure and often progresses without noticeable symptoms. If not diagnosed early, it can lead to permanent vision loss. Individuals with a family history are at higher risk.

Types of Glaucoma

• Open-angle glaucoma: The most common type and progresses slowly.

• Angle-closure glaucoma: May require emergency treatment due to sudden pressure rise.

• Normal-tension glaucoma

• Congenital glaucoma

Symptoms

• Narrowing of visual field

• Vision loss in advanced stages

• Sudden eye pain in angle-closure type

• Headache and nausea

Diagnostic Methods

• Intraocular pressure measurement

• Visual field testing

• Optic nerve examination

• OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography)

Treatment Options

• Eye drops

• Laser therapy

• Surgical intervention (Trabeculectomy, etc.)

Glaucoma requires regular monitoring, and early intervention is critical for preserving vision.