Glaucoma: The Silent Risk of Progressive Vision Loss

• Admin
• 26 Şubat 2026
• 26

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive eye disease characterized by damage to the optic nerve, often associated with increased intraocular pressure or structural susceptibility of the nerve. Commonly referred to as “eye pressure,” it can lead to permanent and irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Its most critical feature is that it often progresses without noticeable symptoms in the early stages.

What Causes Glaucoma?

Imbalance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor can increase intraocular pressure. In some patients, optic nerve damage may occur even at normal pressure levels. Family history, advanced age, diabetes, high myopia, corticosteroid use, and vascular disorders are recognized risk factors.

What Are the Symptoms?

Open-angle glaucoma usually progresses silently and initially affects peripheral vision. Patients may not notice vision loss until advanced stages. Angle-closure glaucoma may present with sudden eye pain, headache, nausea, blurred vision, and halos around lights. This condition requires urgent medical attention.

How is Glaucoma Diagnosed?

Diagnosis requires comprehensive eye examination. Intraocular pressure is measured, the optic nerve head is evaluated, and visual field testing is performed. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) may assess nerve fiber thickness. Early diagnosis is essential to preserve vision.

How is Glaucoma Treated?

The goal of treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent further optic nerve damage. Eye drops are typically the first line of therapy. If insufficient, laser treatment or surgical intervention may be considered. Treatment is individualized and requires regular monitoring.

Importance of Regular Follow-Up

Glaucoma requires lifelong follow-up. Even under treatment, regular examinations must continue. Since lost vision cannot be restored, early detection and consistent management are crucial.